منابع مشابه
Focus on Formative Feedback
This paper reviews the corpus of research on feedback, with a particular focus on formative feedback—defined as information communicated to the learner that is intended to modify the learner’s thinking or behavior for the purpose of improving learning. According to researchers in the area, formative feedback should be multidimensional, nonevaluative, supportive, timely, specific, credible, infr...
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Data-driven instructional improvement relies on developing coherent systems that allow school staff to generate, interpret and act upon quality formative information on students and school programs. This paper offers a formative feedback system model that captures how school leaders and teachers structure artifacts and practices to create formative information flows across interventions, assess...
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This paper presents our ideas on generating formative feedback in the Genetics Argumentation Inquiry Learning (GAIL) system. GAIL will provide undergraduate biology students with tools for constructing Toulmin-style arguments on questions in genetics. Feedback will be based in part on the output of GAIL’s argument analyzer, which will compare learner arguments to automatically constructed exper...
متن کاملSummative Evaluation and Formative Feedback
In a still relevant AAHE Bulletin article on evaluation and teaching improvement, Weimer (1987) describes summative evaluation of teaching. She writes that summative evaluation is a judgment about teaching that is used to make a decision—a decision about promotion, tenure, or, even, teaching awards. A summative evaluation of teaching attempts to summarize the complex phenomena of teaching. It t...
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Objective: We present findings from the initial phase of our collaborative design process to build handheld, formative assessment tools for teachers. Specifically we report on 1) a survey of the variety of teacher-level data collection processes in the school, and 2) the early tool-prototyping process. Background: Prior work demonstrated the important role played by formative feedback systems. ...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: ETS Research Report Series
سال: 2007
ISSN: 2330-8516
DOI: 10.1002/j.2333-8504.2007.tb02053.x